Scientific Research Journal, Volume III, Issue II, February 2015 Edition

Scientific Research Journal

Scirj Volume III, Issue II, February 2015 Edition
ISSN: 2201-2796

Publication starts: 25th February 2015
Full Paper available from: 25th February 2015

Use of New Idioms and Idiomatic Expressions among the Agbèrò: The Lagos Bus Conductors
Dayo Akànmú

Abstract: In Yorùbá studies, outside the borders of what is called “standard language”, spoken and written by the educated classes, there are other forms of expression in existence about us; for instance, there are special jargons of various trades, sports and occupations; there are also the rich vocabularies of ribaldry, of imprecation of slang and of new idioms which is the subject matter of this paper, all full of vitality and interest. New idioms consist of words, expressions and meanings that are informal and used by people who have the same interest. As a matter of fact, they straddle idioms, metaphors and euphemism and also serve as replication of the established Yoruba idioms both in form and meaning. Also in this paper, new idiom and idiomatic expressions is seen as a sociolect which shows that it is used primarily for in-group communication by the Lagos bus conductors popularly called Agbèrò. Agbèrò as used in this paper refers to the bus conductors and the NURTW Task Force members who collect union levies at the various motor parks and bus stops in Lagos State.

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Page 1-5

Effects of Soil Moisture Content and Soil Fertility Amendments on Growth and Yield of Okra Plant (Abelmoschus esculentum (L) moench) in Southern Guinea Savanna Agro-Ecological Zone of Nigeria
A.M Kwajaffa, Peter Isa, A.A Olusola

Abstract: Nhae-40 variety of Okra was evaluated in pot experiment to determined the effects of soil moisture content and soil fertility amendments on growth and yield of Okra plant (abelmoschus esculentum (L) moench) in Southern Guinea Savanna agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. The study was conducted at the pavilion in the orchard yard of horticultural unit, Department of agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural University of Ilorin, Kwara State of Nigeria. Seeds were sown in plastic containers at four (4) moisture levels 25, 50, 75 and 100% field capacities (Fe) which were determined gravimetrically and five(5) levels of soil fertility amendments consisting of different combinations of poultry manure and inorganic manures (N.P.K) at ratios equivalent to 0:0, 100:0, 0:100, 50:50 and 75:25. The experimental design used was 4x5 factorial design in split plot arrangements with four replications. The soil moisture content levels constituted the main plot while the soil fertility amendments constituted the sub plots. Data were collected during growth and harvest stages, and experiment the parameters used were: V13 number of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, plant height number of flowers per plant and number of fresh fruit length, fresh fruit diameter number of seeds per plant, fresh fruit weight and seed viability. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P≤ α0.05) in almost all the parameters tested in this study. The interaction effects of soil fertility amendments at the five different levels indicated that there were increases in all the parameters measured in this study. Consequently the significant differences obtained in both soil moisture contents and soil fertility amendments of all the rations have confirmed both soil moisture contents and soil fertility amendments have effects on growth and yield of Okra plant (abelmoschus esculentum (L)moench) in Nigeria.

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Page 6-11

Performance Comparison of Different Hierarchical Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks Subject to Different Location of Base Station
Ridwan Ul Islam Mahdi , Halida Homyara, Farhana Enam

Abstract: In this project we consider the problem of positioning Base Station (BS) in the case of hierarchical routing protocol of Wireless Ensor Networks (WSNs) which are either cluster based or chain based or combination of both under their heterogeneous settings. We show that in general, the choice of positions has a marked influence on the data rate, the power efficiency, and the life time, stability period of the WSNs. The WSNs is assumed to be static, and each sensor uses power at some rate, which can depend on the sensor, to transmit messages to other sensors within some range. Every sensor’s messages must be routed to some BS where data can be processed. Some hierarchical routing protocols provide high stability period than other hierarchical routing protocol when BS is located at the center of the sensor field coordination. Again some hierarchical routing protocols provide comparatively higher stability period when BS is located far from the sensor fields than those hierarchical routing protocols which provide high stability period when BS is located at the center of the sensor fields. In our simulation result it is revealed that the performance of any considered routing protocols can either improve or degrade as compared with another in terms stability period depending on the location of the base station which would be either inside or outside of the sensor field.

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Page 12-15

The Scale of Individual Space in Restructuring Perception of Phobia
Ejeng Ukabi

Abstract: The phenomenon of perceiving space is not inborn. It is created by individuals over time. This is possible via interactions between the individual and the indicators around. The person’s perception over time results in the formation of images in the conscious mind and matures into psychological attachment to the place term personalization. The writer calls this creation of boundaries individual space. Since humans react irrationally when moved away from individual space, what scale of space can architects create to solve this disposition? This paper aims to provide space therapy to ameliorate space misconceptions humans generate over time in their stay in a particular place. In order to meet the aims of this essay, a literature framework from 9-books which talks about the theory of space at different dimensions (psychological, sociological, philosophical, analytical and concretization) will be considered as it forms the core of the class presentations/discussions for the course (Spatial Exploration) with coaching of the course Instructor moderating the arguments. Furthermore, develop a model of interactions to buttress the framed argument. The paper concludes with the notion that individual space is constructed by human beings directly or indirectly and manipulators of physical space should take into cognizance the feeling of the users so that they are not aided to remain in their mindset space defect.

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Page 16-19

Provenance, Tectonic Setting and Source-Area Weathering of the Coastal Plain Sediments, South West, Nigeria
H.Y. Madukwe, R.A. Obasi, O.R. Fakolade, C.E. Bassey

Abstract: Major oxide geochemical analysis was carried out on the Coastal Plain sediments in the Dahomey Basin, to infer their provenance, tectonic setting and source-area weathering. The depletion of highly mobile K and Ca elements is due to leaching during the formation of clay minerals during increased chemical weathering. Na is a highly mobile element that is enriched, this may be due to secondary enrichment. Si is a less mobile element and its enrichment suggests moderate chemical weathering. The immobile Fe and Ti and the less mobile Mg elements were depleted, this suggest that they may be from a common source with more felsic minerals and dearth of ferromagnesian minerals. The high Al2O3/TiO2 ratio also suggests felsic source rock. The CIA values for the samples ranged between 9 and 30%, while CIW ranged from 10-32% indicating a very low degree of weathering of the source materials, suggestive of materials from reworked clastic sediments. The PIA values ranged from -43-28%, this also indicates very low weathering with the negative values suggesting rapid deposition of pre-existing clastic sediments with little or no weathering. MIA values for the samples indicates no weathering of the source material, which is not in agreement with the other weathering indices. The Coastal Plain sediments plotted in the plagioclase zone on the A–CN–K diagram, indicating little or no weathering for some samples. The weathering trend suggests that the sediments are rich in plagioclase feldspars without alteration to smectite. The ternary plot of SiO2/Al2O3, MgO and Fe2O3 indicated that the studied samples were deposited in the non-marine and deltaic settings. This observed trend is supported by the binary plot of Fe2O3 versus MgO. Provenance discrimination diagram shows that plots appeared in three provenance fields except P4 (main igneous) indicating that they are derived from multiple environments.

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Page 20-31

Assessment of Personality Traits of Performance Tennis Players Aged 18 Years and Above
PhD. Erdal DEMİR, Esra YAZICI

Abstract: The research aimed to assess the personality traits of performance tennis players aged 18 years and above and investigate differences according to gender. With this aim, the research was designed as a screening model. The study group comprised 80 tennis players who competed in the 18 years and above performance tournament hosted by the Turkish Tennis Federation (TTF) in 2013 who had individual or club licenses from the Tac Sports Club, TED Sports Club, ENKA Sports Club and Istanbul Tennis Club in Istanbul. While 83.8% (n=67) of the study group had club licenses, the remaining 16.2% (n=13) had individual licenses. The average age of the study group was 19.36 years (sd=1.85). Of tennis players 51.2% were women and 48.8% (n=39) were men. The short form PERI (Personality Inventory) personality scale was used in the research. The personality inventory is comprised of 5 subscales of openness to experience, sense of responsibility, extraversion, compatibility and emotional balance. The data collection tools were applied during face-to-face interviews with participants. The mean points of the data were calculated and the T test was used to obtain differences according to gender. In conclusion, tennis players had lowest mean points for the personality trait of emotional balance, and highest mean points for the personality trait of sense of responsibility. Additionally according to the variable of gender, the only significant difference was found for the personality trait of extraversion (p<0.05).

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Page 32-34

Investigating Lipase Activity in Ungerminated Colocynthis citrullus lanatus (Egusi Melon) Seeds
Jonathan Bege, Markus Victor, Gaiya Daniel

Abstract: Activity of lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) was investigated in ungerminated Colocynthis citrullus lanatus (Egusi Melon) seeds. Titrimetric analytical method with 0.01 M NaOH using phenolphthalein as indicator was the method employed. The lipase activity was expressed as the percent free fatty acids (FFAs) liberated. The results obtained showed that ungerminated seeds of Egusi melon (Colocynthis citrullus lanatus) have lipase activity. It was observed that 1g of the enzyme preparation was enough to optimally act on 5g oil in 2.5ml hexane. The optimum conditions for lipolysis were found to be 30oC and 60 min period of incubation. This shows that Colocynthis citrullus lanatus seeds will deteriorate with storage. The egusi melon seed lipase could be exploited commercially for industrial applications.

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Page 35-38

Bioretention System as Stormwater Quality Improvement Mechanism
Norshafa Elyza Muha , Lariyah Mohd Sidek

Abstract: Stormwater Management is very challenging in Malaysia due to the intense rainfall within short durations. Stormwater may contain a broad range of pollutants such as sediments, nutrients, heavy metals and oil from impervious areas which can be released directly to waterways. Bioretention is a practical option within the measures of stormwater mitigation to increase water quality and reduce peak discharge. Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) in collaboration with Universiti Sains, Malaysia (USM) has constructed bioretention systems near the parking lot of the College of Engineering, UNITEN. The system was designed as a small scale and impermeable mechanism with an aim to assess the performance of the bioretention system for stormwater quality improvement. Water quality result showed that the removal efficiency of Total Phosphorus (TP), Total Nitrogen (TN), Turbidity and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) reached more than 40%. In the preliminary monitoring, it was observed that the bioretention system was able to remove pollutants. This outcome is significant as there is no prior field study that was done of this scale in Malaysia. The findings can be used to enhance understanding on the application of bioretention system in tropical climate in improving water quality of stormwater runoff.

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Page 39-46