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Scientific Research Journal
Scirj Volume III, Issue VII, July 2015 Edition ISSN: 2201-2796 Publication starts: 25th July 2015 Full Paper available from: 25th July 2015 
Designing a Software to Generate Digital Elevation Models Using Engineering Survey Data and Performing 3d Analysis
Mr. A.M.A.R. Geethalankara , Mr.K.L.P. Hemantha Abstract: This research study was conducted for designing a new plug in software (DemCAD), which will generate DEMs using grid format Data such as Engineering Survey Data. This study was mainly focused on generating two Digital Elevation Models, those are Contour Model and Mesh Model, in that contour model gives 90% accurate result and Mesh Model gives almost perfect accurate result when comparing with Civil 3D and Matlab Software. DemCAD software contains set of programs which will allow user to input grid data, after it will perform a data analysis then finally it will output a script file automatically. Then user has to run this script file in AutoCAD 2D/3D Environment. This script contains set of commands which will be recorded in particular sequence and pattern, also to get complete DEM in AutoCAD Script file have to run on AutoCAD without interrupting.
Vertical Dispersion, Contamination Potentials of Heavy Metals and Rare Earth Elements in Soil of Ode Aye bitumen rich Area, Ondo State, Southwest, Nigeria
Obasi, R.A. Abstract: This paper aims at studying the vertical concentrations of heavy metals and rare earth elements ( REE ) on the upper (0-5 cm) and lower parts (5-10 cm) of soil from Ode Aye area with a view to determining their contamination /pollution potentials. The XRF analysed data indicated that all the samples showed a higher Zn concentration than the background in both the upper part of the soil,( 0-5 cm) as well as in the lower part (5-10 cm), for the large parts of the areas studied. The average concentrations of Cr, (44.53), Co ( 145.10 ), Mo ( 1.35 ), and Zn ( 44.35 ) at 5-10 Cm depth are higher than those at 0-5 Cm depth with Cr (42.60), Co ( 61.50 ), Mo ( 1.09 ) and Zn ( 23.20 ) respectively. The concentrations and the averages of the REEs follow the same vertical increase downwards. Pollution by these metals is examined using the enrichment factor,( EF), contamination factor, (CF), geoaccumulation index, and pollution load index (PLI) respectively. EF data show that Rb, Sr, Zr, Ba, and Pb are less than unity and are therefore naturally derived from no other source than bitumen. The EF of Cr, Co and Nb at locations OD1 and OD3 are slightly above unity, implying that they are minimally enriched while Zn is moderately enriched in the soil. The low to moderate values of EF (0.26-11.08) of the soil shows a minimal impact of anthropogenic origin of the elements. The CF values for Ni, Rb, Zr, and Pb are less than unity and consequently show low contamination. Zn shows considerable contamination while Co is considered to display very high contamination of the soil because the CF values are > 6.The results of PLI indicate that sample locations OA1, OA3, OA5, OA6 and 0A7 are not polluted because they fall within the range of 0.5 ≤ PLI < 1 class, while sample location OA2 has its PLI values > 1 and therefore indicates deterioration of the soil. Elements Cr and Pb found to fall within the uncontaminated class of 0< Igeo≤1 are usually toxic. Co falls within the high value
Evaluation of Deviation of Some Soil Contamination Indicators Due to Oil Spillage in Akinima, Rivers State
Nwankwo, I L, Ekeocha, N E, Ikoro, D O Abstract: This study evaluates changes in the acceptable concentrations of some analyzed soil parameters due to oil spillage in Akinima, Rivers State, Nigeria. Twenty contaminated soil samples were collected from a spill site and four control soil samples from uncontaminated area within the community. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), heavy metals and hydrogen ion concentrations. The results of the heavy metals analysis on samples from the contaminated site were compared to the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) Target Value and the control value from uncontaminated sites and it was found showed that Zinc (with Target value of 140 mg/kg) ranged from 4.392 to 235.985 mg/kg with a mean value of 51.49615 mg/kg, Cadmium (Target value of 0.8 mg/kg) ranged from 5.2 to 9.35 mg/kg with a mean value of 7.031mg/kg, Chromium (Target value of 100 mg/kg) ranged from 1.02 to 13 mg/kg with a mean value of 7.6635mg/kg and Lead (Target value of 85 mg/kg) ranged from 12.97 to 109.2 mg/kg with a mean value of 7.6635mg/kg while the heavy metals analyzed from the control soil samples ranged in values from <0.001 to 0.05 mg/kg for Zinc, <0.001 mg/kg for Cadmium, <0.001 mg/kg for Chromium, and Lead ranged from below detectable limit (bdl) to <0.001 mg/kg. For the contaminated soil, the TPH (Target value of 85 mg/kg) ranged from 330.427 to 4365.667mg/kg and pH ranged from 4.8 to 6.97 respectively, while the control samples had TPH below detectable limits while pH values were 6.82-6.99. The heavy metals and TPH values from the contaminated soil were higher than the control values from the uncontaminated soil. The TPH values from the contaminated soil also exceeded the Target value while the mean pH value was within the acidic range. The parameters analyzed could be toxic when found above certain levels in soil and could be transported to groundwater even at greater depth and wider area into streams and other water bodies. It is recommended that
Relationship between Knowledge, Environmental Sanitation and Personal Hygiene with Scabies
Qomariyatus Sholihah, Aprizal Satria Hanafi, Lenie Marlinae, Laily Khairiyati, Rudi Fakhriadi, Musafaah Abstract: Scabies is a disease that can affect diamond miners community, because of their work related to the lack of personal hygiene and unsanitary environment. Based on preliminary observations, there are cases of scabies in the diamond miners community of Cempaka District, which is likely due to job factors, personal hygiene and the unsanitary environment. The aims research is to determine the relation of knowledge, environmental sanitation and personal hygiene with disease incidence of scabies in the diamond miners community of Cempaka District Banjarbaru South Kalimantan. This research method is analytical observation with cross sectional design. The subjects were diamond miners numbered 100. Chi-square test results shows correlation between knowledge, personal hygiene and environmental sanitation with scabies with p value (0,000;0,000;0,000) < 0,05. Based on the results of this research are expected miners community can improve personal hygiene by cutting the nails once a week, take a bath twice a day, change clothes when they are sweating, not alternately wearing a towel with family, drying clothes, towels and bed spray the sun and keeping the environment cleaning.
Child Language Acquisition Monolingual vs. Bilingual: A Theoretical Analysis
Niruba Sarath Jayasundara Abstract: The present study discusses about the monolingual and bilingual child language acquisition on theoretical concern and the varied language acquisition processes which reflect in the language competence of both monolingual and bilingual child. It provides a detailed account of the different terminologies exist in literature of child language acquisition, particularizing the notion of Chomsky’s Universal Grammar (UG). It links and differentiates the study of language acquisition of monolingual children from the bilingual in light of four important criteria. Finally the papers suggest/points out as a concluding note how the study of child bilingualism could make a significant contribution in the area of language acquisition research.
Effects of Sawdust and Palm Kernel Shell Ashes on Geotechnical Properties of Emure / Ise-orun Local Government Areas Soil, Nigeria
Adetoro A.E. and Oladapo. S.A. Abstract: It is now of necessity that there is need for alternative materials (additives) of local means to conventional ones as stabilizing agents in order to improve on cost of construction in developing countries like Nigeria. Soil samples were taken from the study area and necessary laboratory tests conducted on them in order to analyse the effects of locally available additives (i.e. Palm Kernel Shell -PKSA and Sawdust - SDA Ashes) on the geotechnical properties of the soil samples. The tests results showed that Liquid Limit (LL), Plasticity Index (PI) and Maximum Dry Density (MDD) decrease and Plastic Limit (PL) increase as the quantities of the additives increase. These showed that the additives were able to stabilized the soil to some extent. Though the effects of the additives were not so felt due to the high content of the clayey in the soils. Furthermore, the PKSA additive has more effects on the soil samples than the SDA additive. Thus, it can be deduced that the additives should not be used in stabilizing soil with extremely high content of clay and water logged area in order to get good results from the process. Moreover, there is need for further study on this research work.
A Survey on Real-Time Communication for Web
MD Habibur Rahaman Abstract: Web Real time communication (webRTC) is a new standard and industry effort where real time media can be exchanged using web browser in a peer to peer transmission. In this survey paper reader will be able to get an idea about the features of WebRTC and will know how the users gain a communication experience with this. It helps in providing a knowledge about various security issues related to WebRTC. This survey will focus on the Voice over IP (VoIP) technology and the Web Real-Time Communications (WebRTC) protocols. It has explained specific advantages and disadvantages for the users. How WebRTC enables the servers to communicate inreliable way. Further this survey paper will enable different insights related to the topic. In today’s era, internet servers are threatened by various attacks, this paper has also highlighted some of the risks for WebRTC.
Evaluation of Architectural Design and Property Management in Kano Metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria
Orekan, Atinuke Adebimpe Abstract: The level of maintenance governs the health of a building and its durability. To facilitate easy maintenance, several components of a building should at the design stage be given careful consideration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the architectural design and show the effect it has on property management, using Kano metropolis as a case study. In attaining this, questionnaires were administered to 23 Estate surveyors and only 16 were retrieved. Interviews were also conducted amongst them. It was found out that a defective architectural design had a great challenge in property maintenance. Therefore, for a good maintenance culture and an optimum return on property, estate surveyors and valuers should be involved at the design stage for opinion and should not be left only to the hands of the architects.
Garlic Alium sativium (L.) Volatile Oils as Fumigant for the Control of the Red floor beetle Tribolium castaneum (adult)
Mahgoub Ishag A.alla , Azhari Omer Abdelbagi Abstract: Laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the fumigant action of garlic volatile oils on the control of Tribolium castaneum (adult) in small plastic cups (200 ml) and jute sacs (100 g) as well as to shed light on suitable fumigation period and oil concentrations. Fumigation was carried out for short exposure period (12- 48 hrs) as well as over medium (3-15 days) and longer exposure period (15-60 days). Recoveries were watched upto seven days. Garlic volatile oils were tested at concentrations ranging between 0.1- 20% V/V for the short and medium periods and 0.001 – 1% V/V for the longer periods. The results of the short exposure period (6-48 hrs) indicated that garlic volatile oil was very effective and caused significant death to the test insects (T. castaneum (adult)) in cups at all concentrations (after waiting for recoveries for seven days). Effect was dose dependant. Recovery cases noticed were negatively related to the dose. Garlic oil vapours penetrated through jute sacs and caused significant mortalaties to the test insects inside the sacs at all concentrations (0.1- 20% V/V) in medium exposure period (3-15 days) as compared to control. Effect was dosage related.The efficacy was tested at much lower concentration of garlic oil (0.001 – 1%) and over longer exposure period (15 – 60 days) in sacs. Results revealed that T. castaneum (adult) was sensitivite to garlic oil vapor at all concentrations. Effects were also dose related. The performance of garlic fumigation in cups is much similar to that in sacs. Recovery cases were few and negatively related to the dose.
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